4^th Global summit on Diabetes and Endocrinology May 15-16, 2023 Madrid, Spain

Emiry Dodds is a 5th year medical student at the University of Oxford. They identify as non-binary and have an interested in differential healthcare outcomes for minority groups. They are currently involved in an equality, diversity, and inclusivity (EDI) project run by a group of their peers. The project aims to provide an EDI online resource for incoming medical students at the University of Oxford. The project will cover how characteristics such as race, religion, sex, gender, sexuality, disability, and class impact healthcare outcomes. As part of the project, Emiry has written regarding feminism and transgender health.

Focus: This poster examines existing literature regarding cardiovascular outcomes in transgender populations who receive hormone affirming therapy (HAT). In doing so, we consider the rationale for encouraging the establishment of prospective observational studies of HAT-receiving transgender populations to delineate if an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease is truly present. Background: It is estimated 0.3-0.8% of the population identify as transgender, of which 75% will utilise hormone affirming therapy (HAT). Trans populations are posited to be at a higher risk of negative health outcomes due to elevated psychosociological pressures and increased levels of substance use. Due to elevated risk in this population, there are concerns regarding the long-term safety profiles of cross-sex hormones. Short-term and medium-term safety profiles are established but there is some evidence to suggest that HAT can be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events later in life. Little guidance exists on whether cardiovascular screening is necessary to optimise trans healthcare following HAT initiation. The transgender population is growing as society becomes more accepting of gender minorities. As such, there is increased demand to provide evidence-based quality care for trans patients. Recommendation: With few high-quality long-term data sets present on the subject, it is difficult to determine longterm safety profiles for HAT. Developing prospective observational studies of HAT-receiving individuals has the potential to tackle unanswered questions in this field. HAT is lifesaving for many trans people, and full understanding of its impacts is necessary to empower gender minority groups to live as freely as possible.

Keywords : PREVENTION OF INFECTION Introduction : ROLE OF PERSONAL HYGIENE IN PREVENTING PERINEAL INFECTION ARISING OUT OF SGLT2i USAGE. TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF WASHING PERINEAL AREA WITH WATER ONLY AFTER EVERY ACT OF MICTURITION IN PREVENTING GENITAL INFECTION ARISING OUT OF SGLT2i USAGE. Material : 30 T2DM PATIENTS OF AGE GROUP 40-55 YEARS WHO ARE UNCONTROLLED ON METFORMIN AND GLIMEPIRIDE OF VARIOUS STRENGTH AND DOSAGE SCHEDULE ARE DIVIDED INTO 2 GROUPS OF 15 , AND THE TWO GROUPS ARE NAMED INTERVENTION AND CONTROL GROUP. BOTH THE GROUP WERE GIVEN DAPAGLIFLOZIN 10 mg FOR THE FIRST TIME.INTERVENTION GROUP WERE TAUGHT ABOUT MAINTAINANCE OF PERSONAL HYGIENE AND COUNSELLED FOR STRICT MAINTAINANCE, WHILE CONTROL GROUP WERE NOT COUNSELLED FOR PERSONAL HYGIENE MAINTAINANCE.BOTH THE GROUPS WERE FOLLOWED UP WEEKLY FOR A PERIOD OF FOUR MONTHS TO DETECT ANY PERINEAL INFECTION FOLLOWING SGLT2i USAGE. Observations : NO PERINEAL INFECTION WERE NOTED IN THE INTERVENTION GROUP. BUT IN THE CONTROL GROUP, PERINEAL INFECTION WERE NOTED IN ALL OF THE 15 PATIENTS AND MOST OF THEM WERE FUNGAL INFECTION.11 OF THEM HAD FUNGAL INFECTION OF THE GENITAL AREA AND 4 OF THEM HAD MILD URINARY TRACT INFECTION, CURED WITH ORAL MEDICATION ON OPD BASIS. Conclusion : T2DM PATIENTS ON DAPAGLIFLOZIN(SGLT2i) CAN PREVENT PERINEAL INFECTION WITH THE PROPER MAINTAINANCE OF PERSONAL HYGIENE .

Simona Opris - Senior Scientific Researcher and Medical Principal Biochemist- expertise in biology of aging. Research fields: correlation of different biochemical mechanisms-oxidative stress implications in normal and pathological aging; immunological investigation methods by ELISA; elucidation of induce age-modifications at cardiovascular pathology; assessment criterion of biological age by identification of some specific biological markers. She published 82 scientific papers (68 first author) in national and international scientific journals (ISI-13), 159 international congresses participation and 60 national congresses, 8 national research programs. Also, Editor Assistant at Romanian Journal of Gerontology and Geriatrics, member of OBBCSR and member of Romanian Society of Gerontology and Geriatrics.

Statement of the Problem: The incidence of cardiovascular disease among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is high. Epidemiologic data have indicated that women are relatively spared from coronary heart disease, but after the menopause, dyslipidemia is highly prevalent in them, too. The objective of the study was to determine gender-related changes in atherogenic status and cardiovascular risk at DM patients. Methodology: Observational cross-sectional study was conducted among 91 patients with DM (over 65 years), 27 men vs. 64 women. Atherogenic index (AI) was calculated as log (triglyceride/HDL-cholesterol) and cardiovascular risk was computed as HeartScore from an assessment risk system. Findings: Study revealed a significant increased of HeartScore at men vs. women (6.66±3.9 vs. 3.2±1.51; p<0.0001). Compared to women, high risk AI is increased in men patients (74.07% vs. 71.87%). The prevalence of dyslipidemia at men patients increased from 18.51% in the low risk AI group to 74.07% in the high risk AI group. Likewise, high risk HeartScore is increased in men vs. women (77.77% vs. 12.5%). We also noticed that almost 50% from all DM patients are obese. Conclusion & Significance: Dyslipidemia in DM men patients could be an indicator of their susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases. Estrogen decline significantly alters lipid profile and increases atherogenic and cardiovascular risk. Nevertheless, men gender is associated with a more atherogenic profile, explaining the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Both HeartScore and AI could be used for identifying high risk in the clinical practices.